Si5040
6.7. Timing Modes Of Operation
For maximum flexibility, the Si5040 supports three CMU timing modes that make it suitable for XFP modules
targeted at both datacom and telecom applications. The modes of operation determine how the transmit CMU is
configured. Timing modes are set in the TxCmuConfig register (Register 134).
6.7.1. Referenceless Mode (Mode 0)
In the referenceless mode of operation, timing information is recovered from the XFI data and used as the timing
source for the transmit CMU (Figure 18). The mode is set in TxCmuConfig (Register 134). This mode should be
chosen when a synchronous reference clock is not available or if the jitter on the recovered XFI data is less than
that on the available synchronous reference clock.
Optionally, an asynchronous reference clock at a frequency of 1/64 of the baud rate (as defined in the XFP
specification) may be applied for VCO centering purposes and to generate receive LOL and transmit LOL.
However, a reference clock is not necessary to generate these signals. Referenceless mode is the default mode
after power-on.
6.7.2. Synchronous Reference Clock Mode (Mode 1)
If an external synchronous reference clock with jitter characteristics of higher quality than those of the recovered
XFI clock is available, the device may be operated in Synchronous Reference Clock Mode (Figure 19). The mode
is set in TxCmuConfig (Register 134). In this mode, the transmit CMU derives the line-rate clock by multiplying the
clock frequency applied to the REFCLK inputs by 64. This mode is equivalent to the "Optional Synchronous CMU
Clock" mode described in the XFP specification (see XFP MSA Rev. 4.0 Section 3.9.1). It is not necessary to meet
the phase noise characteristics defined for the synchronous reference clock in the XFP specification since the
Si5040 transmit CMU attenuates jitter on the reference clock.
6.7.3. Asynchronous Reference Clock Mode (Mode 2)
If an external asynchronous reference clock with jitter characteristics of higher quality than those of the recovered
XFI clock is available, the device can be operated in Asynchronous Reference Clock Mode (Figure 20). The mode
is set in TxCmuConfig (Register 134). The external reference clock is used as the timing source for the transmit
CMU. The resulting transmit clock is frequency locked to the incoming data, and the jitter on the transmit clock is
reduced due to the low jitter of the applied reference clock. The transmit CMU bandwidth may be set to 180 or
1370 Hz, depending on how much jitter is present on the applied reference clock. A FIFO in the data path
accommodates any jitter differences between the serial data and the CMU line-rate clock.
Rev. 1.3
31
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